Related Experiment Video For 2D perfusion
Updated: Apr 14, 2026
A Rat Carotid Artery Pressure-Controlled Segmental Balloon Injury with Periadventitial Therapeutic Application
Published on: July 9, 2020
X-ray Angiography Perfusion Analysis for the Balloon Occlusion Test of the Internal Carotid Artery
Katsunori Asai1, Hirotoshi Imamura2, Yohei Mineharu1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan; Division of Neuroendovascular Therapy, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.
Background:
A perfusion study should be performed during the balloon occlusion test (BOT) to prevent ischemic events after therapeutic carotid occlusion. We evaluated the efficacy of X-ray angiography perfusion analysis during the BOT.
Methods:
Twenty-one consecutive patients who underwent the BOT of the internal carotid artery were included. Patients who had a venous phase delay of less than .5 seconds and a mean stump pressure of more than 50 mm Hg without any neurologic symptoms were considered tolerant, and other patients were considered intolerant. A time-density curve was constructed for each hemisphere using X-ray angiography perfusion software (2D-Perfusion). The mean transit time and area under the curve, which correspond to cerebral blood volume, were calculated from the curve. Differences in these parameters between the occluded and nonoccluded hemispheres and the perfusion index were compared between the tolerant and intolerant groups.
Results:
In the intolerant group, the mean transit time was significantly longer (1.31 ± .72 seconds versus .44 ± .21 seconds, P = .001) and the perfusion index was significantly lower (.72 ± .16 versus .94 ± .08, P = .001) compared with those in the tolerant group. The area under the curve was not different between the groups.
Conclusions:
Parameters obtained by X-ray angiography perfusion analysis were significantly different between the tolerant and intolerant groups. The X-ray angiography perfusion analysis could be a safe and effective method for assessing ischemic tolerance before therapeutic carotid occlusion.
