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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Rat Lung
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Angiogenesis in bronchial asthma.

Krzysztof Pałgan1, Zbigniew Bartuzi2

  • 1Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland palgank@wp.pl.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
|April 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bronchial asthma involves airway inflammation leading to structural changes like thickening and increased vascularity. This review explores the role of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in asthma-related vascular development and potential treatments.

Keywords:
HIFVEGFangiogenesisangiopoietinasthma

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction.
  • Airway inflammation in asthma can cause structural remodeling, including subepithelial thickening, smooth muscle hyperplasia, and angiogenesis.
  • Subepithelial hypervascularity and angiogenesis are integral components of the asthmatic airway wall.

Discussion:

  • Increased vascularity in the bronchial mucosa correlates with the expression of key angiogenic factors.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) are implicated in asthma-related vascular development.
  • Understanding these angiogenic factors is crucial for developing targeted asthma therapies.

Key Insights:

  • Angiogenesis plays a significant role in the structural changes observed in asthmatic airways.
  • The expression of specific angiogenic factors is elevated in the bronchial mucosa of asthma patients.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting angiogenesis may offer new avenues for asthma management.

Outlook:

  • Further research into the precise mechanisms of angiogenic factor action in asthma is warranted.
  • Investigating the efficacy of anti-angiogenic treatments in preclinical and clinical settings is a promising direction.
  • This review provides a foundation for understanding the therapeutic potential of modulating vascular development in asthma.