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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Measuring skin aging using optical coherence tomography in vivo: a validation study.

Carina Trojahn, Gabor Dobos, Claudia Richter

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    Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can measure skin aging. New parameters like stratum corneum reflectivity and dermoepidermal contrast show promise for assessing skin changes noninvasively.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Biomedical Imaging
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Human skin undergoes structural changes due to intrinsic and extrinsic aging processes.
    • Epidermal thickness is a common metric for skin aging assessment using optical coherence tomography (OCT).
    • There is a need for additional noninvasive parameters to evaluate skin aging in both sun-exposed and sun-protected areas.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and validate novel parameters for noninvasive skin aging assessment using OCT.
    • To evaluate the reliability and age-differentiating capability of these parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Seven potential skin aging parameters were developed based on a literature review.
    • Three independent raters assessed these parameters on OCT images from female subjects in two age groups.
    • Statistical analysis was performed to assess interrater agreement and differences between age groups.

    Main Results:

    • All assessed parameters were detectable and quantifiable.
    • Interrater agreement varied between 25.0% and 83.3%.
    • Stratum corneum reflectivity, upper dermal reflectivity, and dermoepidermal contrast significantly differed between age groups on forearm skin.
    • Surface unevenness correlated with skin roughness parameters (Rz, Rmax) on sun-protected skin areas.

    Conclusions:

    • Stratum corneum reflectivity, upper dermal reflectivity, and dermoepidermal contrast are strong candidates for measuring age-related skin changes.
    • "Surface unevenness" shows criterion validity for assessing aging in sun-protected skin.
    • These four parameters demonstrate potential for robust, noninvasive skin aging assessment via OCT.