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Cutaneous myofibroma
K J Smith1, H G Skelton, T L Barrett
1Department of Dermatopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C.
Abstract:
The clinical and pathologic features of an acquired skin tumor, which histologically is identical to infantile myofibromatosis, are presented. Thirty-four cases were studied, 26 of which were in patients over 14 yr of age. The median age was 36. None of the lesions was associated with recurrence after surgery, and metastases were not observed. Microscopically, the lesions were relatively well circumscribed and had a characteristic biphasic pattern which centrally showed features of vascular tumors, including hemangiopericytoma or glomus tumor. Ultrastructural examination identified cells with features of myofibroblasts, glomus cells, and pericytes. Immunoreactivity for muscle actin was strongly and diffusely positive in all tumors. The clinical significance of this entity lies primarily in its recognition as a distinctive benign neoplasm, most probably of vascular origin. The occurrence of this lesion is not limited to children; it may be an acquired lesion, and it may be found in the skin as well as soft tissue.
Insights
This study describes an acquired skin tumor, similar to infantile myofibromatosis, found in adults. The benign neoplasm is of probable vascular origin and does not recur or metastasize after surgical removal.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Surgical Pathology
- Neoplastic Pathology
Background:
- Infantile myofibromatosis is a known condition typically affecting newborns and infants.
- Acquired skin tumors can present with diverse histological features.
- Distinguishing benign from malignant neoplastic lesions is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the clinical and pathological features of an acquired skin tumor.
- To compare this entity with infantile myofibromatosis.
- To determine the behavior and origin of this acquired neoplasm.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 34 cases of acquired skin tumors.
- Histopathological and ultrastructural examination of tumor samples.
- Immunohistochemical analysis for muscle actin expression.
Main Results:
- The acquired tumor histologically resembles infantile myofibromatosis but occurs in older patients (median age 36).
- Lesions were well-circumscribed with a biphasic pattern, showing vascular tumor features.
- Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings suggest myofibroblastic and vascular origins; no recurrence or metastasis was observed.
Conclusions:
- This acquired skin and soft tissue neoplasm is a distinct benign entity.
- It shares histological similarities with infantile myofibromatosis but is not limited to children.
- The tumor is likely of vascular origin and has a favorable prognosis with surgical excision.