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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm
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Do young children understand relative value comparisons?

Joyce F Benenson1, Henry Markovits2, Bjorn Whitmore3

  • 1Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America; Department of Psychology, Emmanuel College, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.

Plos One
|April 16, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young children can judge relative value but struggle to compare them. Economic game results show young children’s generosity can be influenced by simple procedural changes, cautioning against firm conclusions on their pro-social motives.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Understanding relative value is crucial for social and economic judgments.
  • Previous research suggests younger children exhibit greater generosity in economic games.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate young children's ability to make relative value judgments and compare them.
  • To re-examine children's generosity in economic games and the impact of procedural variations.

Main Methods:

  • Children aged 4-7 years were presented with scenarios requiring relative value judgments.
  • Participants then compared relative values across different scenarios.
  • Economic game performance was analyzed, with procedural modifications implemented.

Main Results:

  • Youngest children demonstrated an ability to downgrade reward evaluations based on social comparison.
  • Consistent comparison of relative values was observed only in the oldest children.
  • Generosity in economic games was replicated, and procedural changes significantly altered young children's choices.

Conclusions:

  • Young children can make basic relative value judgments but struggle with higher-order comparisons.
  • Conclusions about young children's pro-social motives derived from economic games require cautious interpretation due to procedural sensitivity.
  • Future research should consider nuanced methodologies when assessing children's social decision-making.