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Interfacial pH during mussel adhesive plaque formation.

Nadine R Martinez Rodriguez1, Saurabh Das, Yair Kaufman

  • 1a Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA.

Biofouling
|April 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Mussels create strong marine adhesion by lowering the interfacial pH to 2.2-3.3 during protein deposition. This acidic environment optimizes mussel foot protein (mfp) functionality and adhesion to surfaces.

Keywords:
DopaOregon Green® 488 DHPEmussel interfacial pHpH sensitive surface

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Marine Biology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Mussel adhesion relies on mussel foot proteins (mfps) and spatio-temporal deposition processes.
  • While mfps are known, the precise conditions during their deposition remain unclear.
  • Understanding deposition conditions is key to both mussel adhesion research and technological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interfacial pH during mussel foot protein deposition.
  • To understand how mussels regulate the local environment for effective adhesion.
  • To provide insights for developing biomimetic adhesion technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Assembled a lipid bilayer on mica with tethered pH-sensitive fluorochromes.
  • Measured interfacial pH during mussel foot contact with the modified mica surface.

Main Results:

  • The interfacial pH during foot contact was measured to be between 2.2 and 3.3.
  • This pH is significantly lower than typical seawater pH (~8).
  • The acidic conditions were found to limit mfp-Dopa oxidation and control mfp solubility.

Conclusions:

  • Mussels actively create an acidic microenvironment during adhesion.
  • This acidic interfacial pH is crucial for optimizing mussel foot protein adsorption and function.
  • Findings advance understanding of mussel adhesion mechanisms and inform biomimetic material design.