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[Analysis of serious respiratory complications in PICU in children with measles]

Danqun Jin1, Jie Ding1, Jingmin Sun1

  • 1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China.

Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
|April 17, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Children with measles requiring intensive care face severe complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumothorax, leading to a high mortality risk. Prompt recognition and management are crucial for improving outcomes in these critical measles cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that can lead to severe complications, particularly in young children.
  • Intensive care unit (ICU) admission for measles indicates a critical illness with a high risk of adverse outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the serious complications and outcomes of pediatric patients with measles admitted to the ICU.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality and long-term sequelae in severe measles cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 17 pediatric cases with measles and serious complications admitted to the ICU.
  • Review of clinical characteristics, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis.

Main Results:

  • All 17 patients required mechanical ventilation due to severe respiratory distress.
  • Common complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in 14 cases and tension pneumothorax in 6 cases.
  • The mortality rate was 41% (7 deaths), with survivors experiencing various sequelae such as pneumothorax, bronchopleural fistula, and pulmonary fibrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Children with measles admitted to the ICU, especially those with ARDS and pneumothorax, have a high risk of death and poor prognosis.
  • Complications like laryngitis can lead to prolonged recovery and weaning difficulties.
  • Secondary bacterial infections are common in critically ill measles patients.

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