Particle design of membrane emulsification for protein drug and vaccine delivery

Biodegradable particles have important applications in Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) of protein/peptide drugs. And recently, particle systems have also showed to be powerful for vaccine delivery (adjuvant) in order to solve the difficulties when conventional Alum adjuvant was used. However, in above applications, the problems of broad size distribution and poor reproducibility of particles, and deactivation of protein during the preparation, storage and release, are still big challenges. Furthermore, particle should be designed specially according to antigen type and purpose in vaccine delivery. In this article, the techniques to control the diameter of microparticle (MP) will be introduced at the first, and then the strategies about how to maintain the bioactivity of protein drugs during preparation and drug release will be reviewed. Furthermore, particle application specially designed for vaccine delivery to enhance both humoral response and cellular response, will be described.