Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 14, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
School social cohesion, student-school connectedness, and bullying in Colombian adolescents
Andrew E Springer1, Maria Clara Cuevas Jaramillo2, Yamileth Ortiz Gómez3
1Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health-Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX United States. Andrew.E.Springer@uth.tmc.edu.
Background:
Student-school connectedness is inversely associated with multiple health risk behaviors, yet research is limited on the relative contributions of a student's connectedness with school and an overall context of school social cohesion to peer victimization/bullying.
Purpose:
We examined associations of perceived school cohesion and student-school connectedness with physical victimization, verbal victimization, and social exclusion in the past six months in adolescents in grades 6-11 (N = 774) attending 11 public and private urban schools in Colombia.
Methods:
Cross-sectional data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using mixed-effects linear regression models.
Results:
Higher perceived school cohesion was inversely related with exposure to three bullying types examined (p < 0.05); student-school connectedness was negatively related to verbal victimization among girls only (p < 0.01). In full models, school cohesion maintained inverse associations with three bullying types after controlling for student-school connectedness (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion:
Enhancing school cohesion may hold benefits for bullying prevention beyond a student's individual school connectedness.
Related Concept Videos
Bullying
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Social Relationships and Well-Being
Impact of Social Context on Individuals
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

