Relapse of adult acute myelogenous leukemia isolated in testicle

Isolated testicular relapse of acute leukemia, although common in children, is rare in adults. A 63-year-old man who had completed induction and intensification chemotherapy presented with unilateral testicular enlargement as the sole manifestation of biopsy-proven acute leukemia relapse. The infiltrative characteristics of acute monocytic leukemia and the anatomic barriers and location of the testicles may have provided a sanctuary from chemotherapy.