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Gastric Emptying

Gastric Emptying

Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
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In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...

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Clearance is a key pharmacokinetic parameter that quantifies the volume of body fluid from which a drug is entirely removed within a specific time frame. It is crucial in assessing how a drug is eliminated from the body and has critical clinical applications.
In the one-compartment open model for intravenous (IV) bolus administration, clearance is estimated by dividing the elimination rate by the plasma drug concentration. This equation leverages the elimination rate constant and the apparent...

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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Gastric Content Assessment and Risk Stratification in Perioperative Care

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Multicenter validation of a shortened gastric-emptying protocol.

Matthieu Pelletier-Galarneau¹, Oyebola O Sogbein², Xuan Pham²

¹The Ottawa Hospital, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada mattgalarneau@gmail.com.

Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine

|April 18, 2015

Summary

The Bonta criteria significantly shorten gastric emptying scintigraphy from 4 hours to 2 hours, improving patient convenience and reducing resource use with high accuracy for diagnosing gastroparesis.

Keywords:

Bonta criteria Tougas protocol gastric emptying

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Area of Science:

Nuclear Medicine
Gastroenterology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) is the gold standard for diagnosing gastroparesis but typically requires 4 hours.
Current 4-hour GES protocols are inconvenient for patients.
The Bonta criteria offer a potential 2-hour alternative to shorten GES protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the Bonta 2-hour criteria for gastric emptying scintigraphy in a multicenter trial.
To compare the Bonta criteria against the established 4-hour Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging guidelines.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 431 patients across 4 academic medical centers.
Application of Bonta criteria (retention >65% abnormal, <45% normal) to 2-hour GES data.
Comparison of Bonta criteria results with gold standard 4-hour GES findings for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

Main Results:

The Bonta criteria achieved 92.4% sensitivity, 96.9% specificity, and 95.8% accuracy.
Utilizing Bonta criteria, 74.9% of studies could be terminated at 2 hours.
This resulted in a 20.6% reduction in average study duration and a 15.7% decrease in camera use.

Conclusions:

The Bonta 2-hour criteria effectively shorten GES duration for most patients.
This approach offers a favorable balance between reduced resource utilization, enhanced patient convenience, and maintained diagnostic accuracy.
The Bonta criteria represent a practical advancement in the clinical application of gastric emptying scintigraphy.