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Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

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SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

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α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
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Hypoglycaemia Was Not Associated With Depression, Anxiety, Diabetes Distress or Fear of Hypoglycaemia Scores in People With Type 1 or Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes in the Hypo-METRICS Study.

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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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Technology to Reduce Hypoglycemia.

Ester Yeoh1, Pratik Choudhary2

  • 1King's College Hospital, London, UK.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|April 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoglycemia poses a significant risk, but technology offers solutions. Reviewing advanced tools like continuous glucose monitoring and closed-loop systems can help prevent dangerous low blood sugar events.

Keywords:
closed loopcontinuous glucose monitoringcontinuous subcutaneous insulin infusiondiabetes mellitushypoglycemiasensor-augmented pump

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Hypoglycemia is a major obstacle in achieving glycemic control in diabetes management.
  • It is linked to substantial physical and psychological morbidity, and increased mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review technological strategies for preventing or mitigating hypoglycemia.
  • To discuss the role of patient education and selection in technology implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of various technological advancements in diabetes care.
  • Categorization of technologies from simple to advanced.
  • Discussion of specific technologies including insulin delivery systems, bolus calculators, data downloads, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), predictive algorithms, and closed-loop systems.

Main Results:

  • Technological solutions range from basic tools to sophisticated systems.
  • Continuous glucose monitoring with alarms and predictive algorithms offer proactive hypoglycemia detection.
  • Closed-loop insulin delivery systems represent the most advanced approach to automated glucose management.

Conclusions:

  • A spectrum of technologies exists to combat hypoglycemia.
  • Effective utilization of these technologies necessitates comprehensive patient education and careful patient selection.