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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA Splicing01:32

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Ultrasound Imaging of the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta in Mice to Determine Aneurysm Dimensions
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Non coding RNAs in aortic aneurysmal disease.

Aparna Duggirala1, Francesca Delogu1, Timothy G Angelini2

  • 1Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol, UK.

Frontiers in Genetics
|April 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs and long ncRNAs, are key regulators in aortic aneurysms. Research explores their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for less invasive treatments.

Keywords:
aneurysmsbiomarkerslong non-coding RNAsmicroRNAstherapeutic targetsvascular cells

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Aortic aneurysms present significant treatment challenges, often requiring invasive surgery.
  • Concurrent diseases can contraindicate surgical intervention, necessitating alternative approaches.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as critical gene expression regulators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of ncRNAs in aortic aneurysm development and progression.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting ncRNAs for aneurysm treatment.
  • To discuss the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ncRNA research in aortic aneurysms.
  • Analysis of studies on microRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) in vascular disease.
  • Examination of research models for mechanistic and translational studies.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs and lncRNAs, play significant roles in vascular physiology and aortic aneurysm pathogenesis.
  • Emerging evidence suggests ncRNAs can be targeted for therapeutic interventions.
  • ncRNAs show promise as biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of aortic aneurysms.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a promising area for developing novel, less invasive treatments for aortic aneurysms.
  • MicroRNAs and lncRNAs hold potential as valuable clinical biomarkers for aortic aneurysm management.
  • Further research into ncRNA mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation.