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Diabetic foot syndrome as a possible cardiovascular marker in diabetic patients

Antonino Tuttolomondo1, Carlo Maida1, Antonio Pinto1

  • 1Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, U.O.C di Medicina Interna e Cardioangiologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche, No. 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy.

Journal of Diabetes Research
|April 18, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic foot ulcers are linked to increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events due to inflammatory processes. Understanding these immune inflammatory features may help identify cardiovascular risk in diabetes patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Diabetic foot ulcerations (DFUs) are significant vascular complications of diabetes mellitus.
  • DFUs are associated with high morbidity and mortality, including increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
  • A complex interplay of inflammatory metabolic disorders affects the cardiovascular system in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immune inflammatory features of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS).
  • To explore the potential role of these features as markers of cardiovascular risk in diabetes patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on immune inflammatory markers and the adipovascular axis in diabetes.
  • Analysis of studies investigating plasma levels of inflammatory markers like IL-6, resistin, and adiponectin in diabetic patients with and without foot ulcers.

Main Results:

  • The "adipovascular axis" involves inflammatory markers such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and resistin, contributing to cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes.
  • In patients with diabetic foot, lower adiponectin and higher IL-6 plasma levels are linked to ulcer pathogenesis via microvascular and inflammatory mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Immune inflammatory processes, particularly the adipovascular axis, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers.
  • These inflammatory features may serve as valuable markers for assessing cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes.

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