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Amniotic fluid embolism: A diagnostic dilemma.

Ashish Kulshrestha1, Megha Mathur2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Ram Nagar, Banur, Patiala, Punjab, India.

Anesthesia, Essays and Researches
|April 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare, fatal obstetric emergency. Early recognition and immediate resuscitation are crucial for improving outcomes in patients experiencing sudden cardiovascular collapse during childbirth.

Keywords:
Amniotic fluid embolismasystolecesarean sectiondisseminated intravascular coagulationfibrin-degradation products

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but devastating obstetric emergency with high mortality rates.
  • It presents as a sudden cardiovascular collapse during or immediately after delivery.

Observation:

  • This case report details a perioperative cardiac arrest in a parturient during an emergent cesarean section.
  • Following delivery, the patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation refractory to resuscitation.

Findings:

  • Autopsy confirmed amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) with amniotic fluid debris found in pulmonary vessels.
  • The patient's lungs were edematous, consistent with AFE.

Implications:

  • Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a life-threatening condition that is difficult to predict or prevent.
  • Maintaining a high index of suspicion in parturients with sudden cardiovascular collapse is vital for prompt intervention and potentially improved outcomes.