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Published on: April 23, 2019
Polypharmacy among anabolic-androgenic steroid users: a descriptive metasynthesis
Dominic Sagoe1, Jim McVeigh2, Astrid Bjørnebekk3
1Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Christiesgate 12, 5015, Bergen, Norway. dominic.sagoe@psysp.uib.no.
Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users frequently use other substances, a practice known as polypharmacy. This review highlights the common co-used substances and their purposes, emphasizing the need to address associated health risks.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
- Sports Science
Background:
- Polypharmacy among anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users is a significant concern.
- Previous systematic reviews on this topic are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize the qualitative/descriptive literature on polypharmacy in AAS users.
- To investigate the patterns and reasons for polypharmacy in AAS users.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and synthesis of qualitative/descriptive studies.
- Searches in electronic databases and reference lists.
- Adherence to PRISMA guidelines and UK ESRC's qualitative research synthesis manual.
Main Results:
- 50 studies (1985-2014) from 10 countries were analyzed.
- Commonly used ancillary substances include alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, growth hormone, and hCG.
- Substances were used to enhance AAS effects, mitigate side effects, or for recreational purposes.
Conclusions:
- Findings confirm associations between AAS use and polypharmacy.
- Intensified efforts are needed to combat the adverse effects of AAS-associated polypharmacy.
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