A modified Jarnagin-Blumgart classification better predicts survival for resectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Prediction of postoperative survival for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) remains difficult although there have been a variety of clinical classification and staging systems. This study was designed to validate and compare some of the major HCCA staging systems in use today. In addition, we sought to build up a new staging system modified from Jarnagin-Blumgart (J-B) classification for HCCA, to predict survival better.

A total of 154 consecutive cases of HCCA including 95 surgical patients between 2005 and 2014 were enrolled in this study. The clinical and pathological data were recorded retrospectively and three commonly used classification methods: Bismuth-Corlette (B-C) classification, TNM staging, and J-B classification were performed to analyze the correlations with resectability and survival. Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and kappa statistics were used to compare and confirm the relationships between the variables and survival.

For all 154 patients, the resection rate of J-B T1 was 68.6% (48/70), higher than that of J-B T2 (44.8%, P = 0.007). J-B T2 also showed a higher resectability than J-B T3 (19.2%, P = 0.025). There was no significant difference in resectability within the groups B-C type and TNM stages. We set up a new staging system based on J-B classification, tumor differentiation, distant metastasis (N2 or M1 of TNM stage), and resection integrality. The total survival predictive accuracy was 69.5% (kappa = 0.547), higher than that of TNM staging and J-B classification.

J-B classification was more useful than B-C classification, while its value for predicting survival did not exceed TNM staging system. The new staging system, based on J-B classification, provides a better method to stratify HCCA patients during the operation.