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Related Experiment Video

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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Grounding language processing on basic neurophysiological principles.

Angela D Friederici1, Wolf Singer2

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neuropsychology, Leipzig, Germany.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|April 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive functions, including human language, rely on fundamental neuronal mechanisms and dynamic brain networks. This research explores how distributed neural computations support language processing.

Keywords:
languageneural networksoscillation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Extensive research in animal models elucidates the neural basis of cognitive and executive functions.
  • Evidence suggests diverse cognitive functions share fundamental neuronal mechanisms.
  • Recent findings indicate these canonical mechanisms also underlie human-specific cognitive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether language, a uniquely human cognitive function, relies on distributed computations within specialized cortical areas.
  • To examine the extent to which empirical data supports the view of language as a large-scale dynamic network function.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing empirical data on the neural basis of cognition and language.
  • Analysis of studies examining neural mechanisms across different hierarchical levels (microcircuits to functional networks).
  • Evaluation of evidence for canonical neuronal mechanisms in both animal and human cognitive functions.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive and executive processes in animals are underpinned by shared basic neuronal mechanisms across various network levels.
  • These canonical neuronal mechanisms appear to extend to cognitive functions exclusive to humans.
  • Preliminary evidence suggests language involves distributed computations in specialized cortical areas forming dynamic networks.

Conclusions:

  • Language, akin to other cognitive functions, likely depends on distributed neural computations.
  • Specialized cortical areas form large-scale dynamic networks that support language processing.
  • Further empirical investigation is needed to fully elucidate the network basis of human language.