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Extensible automated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.

Songqing Li1, Lu Hu1, Ketao Chen1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|April 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new automated ionic liquid-based method simplifies the extraction of benzoylurea insecticides from water. This automated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) offers efficient and rapid sample preparation for environmental analysis.

Keywords:
Automated dispersive liquid–liquid microextractionBenzoylurea insecticidesFully automatic SPE workstationIonic liquidNonwoven polypropylene fiber

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Traditional methods for detecting benzoylurea (BU) insecticides in water often involve complex and time-consuming sample preparation.
  • Ionic liquids (ILs) offer unique properties for extraction but their application in automated systems has been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a convenient, extensible, and automated ionic liquid-based in situ dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (automated IL-based in situ DLLME) method.
  • To apply the developed method for the detection and quantification of benzoylurea insecticides in water samples.

Main Methods:

  • An automated SPE workstation and special SPE columns were utilized for the in situ DLLME procedure.
  • 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethane)sulfonyl]imide ([C8MIM]NTf2) was synthesized and used as the extraction solvent.
  • The automated system integrated sample collection, solvent injection, phase separation, elution, and eluent collection.
  • High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used for analyte detection.

Main Results:

  • The automated IL-based in situ DLLME method achieved high extraction recoveries (80-89%) for BU insecticides.
  • Excellent linearity (r > 0.9986) was observed over the calibration range of 2-500 ng mL(-1).
  • Low limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.16-0.45 ng mL(-1) were achieved.
  • Good precision was demonstrated with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 8.6% for both intra- and inter-column analyses.

Conclusions:

  • The developed automated IL-based in situ DLLME method provides an efficient and rapid approach for the determination of BU insecticides in water.
  • This method expands the applicability of automated DLLME by incorporating functional ionic liquids and enabling simultaneous processing of multiple samples.
  • The system offers a promising solution for high-throughput environmental monitoring and analysis.