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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
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Ectopic lingual thyroid.

Khaled Khamassi1, Habib Jaafoura1, Fahmi Masmoudi1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard 9 Avril, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia.

Case Reports in Pediatrics
|April 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of ectopic thyroid tissue in a 12-year-old girl presented with swallowing and breathing difficulties. Treatment with levothyroxine successfully resolved symptoms and normalized thyroid function.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Embryology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from abnormal embryological development.
  • Thyroid ectopia, particularly lingual thyroid, is uncommon in pediatric populations.
  • Symptoms can range from asymptomatic to severe airway obstruction and dysphagia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of lingual thyroid in a pediatric patient.
  • To highlight the diagnostic approach and successful management of pediatric lingual thyroid.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering ectopic thyroid tissue in children with relevant symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 12-year-old girl with dysphagia and nocturnal dyspnea.
  • Diagnostic imaging including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to confirm lingual thyroid.
  • Thyroid scintigraphy for functional assessment and hormonal tests for thyroid status.

Main Results:

  • MRI confirmed a lingual thyroid located at the base of the tongue.
  • Scintigraphy demonstrated intense and selective radiotracer uptake in the lingual thyroid.
  • Hormonal tests indicated hypothyroidism, which was treated with levothyroxine.
  • The patient experienced significant improvement in dyspnea and dysphagia with normalized thyroid hormone levels.

Conclusions:

  • Lingual thyroid, though rare in children, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neck masses or airway symptoms.
  • Multimodality imaging and functional tests are crucial for diagnosis.
  • Levothyroxine therapy is effective for managing hypothyroidism associated with lingual thyroid and can alleviate obstructive symptoms.