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Recessive inheritance of a relative fat pattern.

S J Hasstedt1, M E Ramirez, H Kuida

  • 1Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.

American Journal of Human Genetics
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

A specific gene may influence body fat distribution, with a recessive inheritance pattern. This genetic factor is linked to conditions like obesity and cardiovascular disease in adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Human Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Body fat distribution is a key factor in metabolic and cardiovascular health.
  • Previous research suggests a genetic component to adiposity, but specific genetic influences on fat patterns are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inheritance pattern of a specific fat distribution index.
  • To determine the genetic and environmental contributions to variations in relative fat patterns.
  • To explore the association between genetic fat patterns and common diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Defined a relative-fat-pattern index (RFPI) using skinfold thickness measurements.
  • Analyzed RFPI in 774 adults from 59 pedigrees ascertained through cardiovascular disease cases.

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  • Utilized likelihood analysis to model inheritance and apportion variance.

    • Main Results:

    • Likelihood analysis supported recessive inheritance of an allele influencing RFPI (frequency 46%).
    • Homozygosity for this allele elevated mean RFPI from 0.412 to 0.533.
    • Genetic factors accounted for 42.3% of RFPI variance, polygenic inheritance for 9.5%, and environmental effects for 48.2%.
    • Homozygotes exhibited smaller suprailiac skinfolds relative to subscapular skinfolds.
    • Homozygotes were more prevalent in younger individuals with obesity, coronary heart disease, essential hypertension, and diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • A major gene with recessive inheritance significantly influences relative fat patterns.
    • This genetic predisposition is associated with increased risk for obesity and cardiovascular-related diseases.
    • Environmental factors also play a substantial role in fat distribution.