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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.7K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
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Predicting surgical outcome in drug-resistant epilepsy by combining interictal biomarkers within a machine learning framework.

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Corpus Callosotomy or Focal Surgery in Children Presenting With Generalized Tonic Seizures: Findings From the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium.

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Interictal cardiac repolarization abnormalities improve after surgical seizure resolution in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
09:57

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

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Pediatric epilepsy surgery.

Anuj Jayakar1, Jeffrey Bolton

  • 1Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, BCH 3213, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA, Anuj.jayakay@childrens.harvard.edu.

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|April 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Medically refractory epilepsy in children can be treated with surgery. This review covers patient selection using advanced neuroimaging and electrophysiology, plus surgical techniques including minimally invasive options.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Medically refractory epilepsy significantly impacts children's health and survival.
  • Epilepsy surgery is a recognized treatment for specific pediatric cases.
  • Advances in diagnostic tools are crucial for treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review patient selection for epilepsy surgery in pediatric neurology.
  • To discuss current and emerging surgical techniques for refractory epilepsy.
  • To highlight the role of advanced neuroimaging and electrophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric epilepsy surgery.
  • Analysis of neuroimaging techniques (e.g., MRI, PET).
  • Evaluation of electrophysiologic methods (e.g., EEG, MEG).

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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

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Author Spotlight: Studying Clinical Characters and Epilepsy Outcomes After Frontal Disconnection in Patients with MOGHE
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

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Author Spotlight: Studying Clinical Characters and Epilepsy Outcomes After Frontal Disconnection in Patients with MOGHE
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  • Discussion of surgical approaches, including minimally invasive procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • Optimized patient selection relies on integrated neurodiagnostic data.
    • Various surgical options exist, tailored to individual patient needs.
    • Minimally invasive techniques offer potential benefits in specific scenarios.

    Conclusions:

    • Careful patient selection is paramount for successful epilepsy surgery outcomes.
    • Technological advancements enhance the precision of surgical planning and execution.
    • Epilepsy surgery remains a critical therapeutic avenue for refractory epilepsy in children.