Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

3.4K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
3.4K
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.7K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.7K
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.9K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.9K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

2.7K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Environmental tobacco smoke and sleep fragmentation in children with suspected sleep apnea.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

MSC-derived extracellular vesicles accelerate wound healing in senescent fibroblast cultures.

Biogerontology·2026
Same author

Differential effects of semaglutide and colchicine on atrial remodeling in rats with reduced ejection fraction after myocardial infarction.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same author

Gut Microbiome Signatures Distinguish Susceptibility from Disease Development in Type 2 Diabetes.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with altered skeletal muscle composition using computed tomography-derived indices.

Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung·2026
Same author

Differential effects of anesthetics and sex on supraventricular electrophysiology and atrial fibrillation substrate in rats.

Lab animal·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

10.7K

Sleep/Wake Dynamics Changes during Maturation in Rats.

Gideon Gradwohl1, Nilly Berdugo-Boura2, Yael Segev3

  • 1Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Unit of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Plos One
|April 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

State space technique (SST) reveals novel insights into sleep-wake dynamics during rat maturation. This method visualizes vigilance state transitions and intensity changes not seen with traditional scoring, offering new perspectives on sleep development.

More Related Videos

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling
03:46

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

11.2K
Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice
05:05

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
10:56

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice

Published on: August 2, 2017

10.7K
Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling
03:46

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

11.2K
Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice
05:05

Establishing a Device for Sleep Deprivation in Mice

Published on: September 22, 2023

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Traditional sleep scoring methods offer limited insight into the dynamic transitions between vigilance states.
  • Understanding sleep-wake dynamics is crucial for studying neurological development and disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the state space technique (SST) to analyze sleep-wake dynamics and maturation in juvenile and adult rats.
  • To quantitatively assess changes in sleep states, movement velocities, and state transitions during development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 24-hour sleep recordings from juvenile (P34) and young adult (P71) rats.
  • Applied conventional scoring and the novel state space technique (SST) based on electroencephalography spectral characteristics.
  • Analyzed vigilance state dynamics, transitions, and velocities in a 2-dimensional state space.

Main Results:

  • Maturation led to decreased sleep intensity, reduced deep slow-wave sleep (DSWS), and increased light slow-wave sleep (LSWS).
  • Significant shifts in frequency ratios were observed across vigilance states, except for DSWS.
  • Adult rats exhibited more transitions between Wake and LSWS and increased micro-arousals, while transitions between LSWS and DSWS decreased.

Conclusions:

  • The state space technique (SST) provides novel visualization of sleep-wake intensity and transitions, surpassing traditional scoring methods.
  • SST offers new perspectives on sleep state dynamics and is valuable for studying sleep-wake activity development.