Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

84
Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These...
84
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

207
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
207
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

173
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
173
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

157
Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
157
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

197
Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
197
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

268
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
268

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Herbal Remedies in Global Health Care: Classification, Toxicology, and Clinical Management.

Therapeutic drug monitoring·2025
Same author

Phytotherapy-Induced Hepatocytotoxicity: A Case Report.

Current issues in molecular biology·2024
Same author

Current Issues in Optimal Bowel Preparation: Excerpts From a Roundtable Discussion Among Colon-Cleansing Experts.

Gastroenterology & hepatology·2023
Same author

Issues in Endoscopic Sedation.

Gastroenterology & hepatology·2023
Same author

Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Fatty Liver a Narrative Review.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Fatty Liver Disease-Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic: Similar but Different.

International journal of molecular sciences·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

10.0K

Quinolones-induced hypersensitivity reactions.

Manuela G Neuman1, Lawrence B Cohen2, Radu M Nanau3

  • 1In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Canada.

Clinical Biochemistry
|April 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quinolone antibiotics can cause hypersensitivity reactions in 2-3% of patients, often involving T cells. Predictive tests and early identification of risk factors are crucial for preventing these adverse drug reactions.

Keywords:
Drug-induced liver injuryHypersensitivity syndrome reactionImmune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactionLymphocyte toxicity assayQuinolones

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutics to Treat Vibriosis in Humans and Aquatic Organisms
03:29

Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutics to Treat Vibriosis in Humans and Aquatic Organisms

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.1K
Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
08:31

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

Published on: October 11, 2019

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

10.0K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutics to Treat Vibriosis in Humans and Aquatic Organisms
03:29

Author Spotlight: Advancing Therapeutics to Treat Vibriosis in Humans and Aquatic Organisms

Published on: May 31, 2024

1.1K
Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
08:31

Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

Published on: October 11, 2019

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics with significant clinical use.
  • These antibiotics are associated with hypersensitivity reactions, affecting approximately 2-3% of patients.
  • Reactions can be immediate or delayed, mediated by IgE or T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of T cells in quinolone-induced hypersensitivity.
  • To explore potential strategies for preventing these adverse reactions.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying quinolone hypersensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed.
  • Searches focused on quinolones, adverse reactions, and specific hypersensitivity syndromes (e.g., anaphylaxis, cutaneous, hepatic, renal).
  • The interaction between T cells and quinolones in hypersensitivity was examined.

Main Results:

  • T cells play a significant role in delayed hypersensitivity reactions to quinolones.
  • Cross-reactivity between different quinolone antibiotics is common.
  • Predictive tests for quinolone hypersensitivity should be implemented prior to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of toxicity mechanisms and risk factors is essential.
  • Quantitative laboratory testing and analysis of drug-drug interactions aid in patient management.
  • Appropriate patient selection, monitoring, and timely discontinuation of the drug can prevent severe outcomes.