Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Site-Directed Immobilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 to Solid Surfaces by Click Chemistry
Published on: March 29, 2018
Biologically active substances in bone morphogenesis. Literature review
Stasys Bojarskas1, Regimantas Simuntis
1Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas Clinics, Eiveniu str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania. litmaxfac@yahoo.com.
Objectives:
Understanding the mechanisms of bone morphogenesis is essential in solving problems related to reconstruction of bone defects. In a field of bone morphogenesis enormous array of biologically active substances have been proved as having more or less influence on bone growth, but no ideal guiding path for a new bone formation has been established yet. Therefore, bone tissue engineering, based on the laws of osteogenesis, becomes a significant niche for investigation. The aim of this article is to review recent scientific information concerning the role of bio substances in osteogenesis, their potentials in and future prospects.
Material And Methods:
Medline library database was searched, focusing on stem cells, osteoblast differentiation, bone growth factors and bone tissue engineering. Limits were review, research support. A quality assessment was carried out.
Results:
A total of 63 articles matching our criteria were found: 20 reviews summarizing topics of growth factors, stem cells, tissue engineering and 43 articles representing studies of growth factors impact in osteoblast differentiation, bone regeneration and bone engineering.
Conclusions:
The interactions among growth factors in osteoblast differentiation cascade are not fully understood. Moreover, methods of conversion of laboratory processes into clinically effective, reproducible, safe, economically viable and competitive products need to be improved.
Related Concept Videos
Bone Remodeling
Hormones and Bone Tissue
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
The Bone Matrix
Bone Remodeling and Repair
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

