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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
Published on: August 4, 2019
Germline TP53 variants and susceptibility to osteosarcoma.
Lisa Mirabello1, Meredith Yeager2, Phuong L Mai2
1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD (LM, PLM, SJC, SAS); Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (MY, XZ, AV, KJ, JFB); Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Columbus, OH (JMGF); Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY (RG); Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (CK); Department Of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain (APG, LS, FL); University of Toronto, Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (ILA, JSW, NG); Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (DAB). mirabellol@mail.nih.gov.
Germline TP53 gene mutations are common in young osteosarcoma patients, unlike older adults. These genetic variations may indicate Li-Fraumeni syndrome and are linked to metastasis risk.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Oncology
- Cancer Genomics
Background:
- Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer, has unclear genetic causes in sporadic cases.
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is linked to osteosarcoma, with TP53 mutations found in most affected families.
- Understanding germline genetic variations is crucial for sporadic osteosarcoma etiology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of germline TP53 genetic variations in sporadic osteosarcoma.
- To compare TP53 mutation frequencies in young (<30 years) versus older (≥30 years) osteosarcoma patients.
- To identify associations between TP53 variants and clinical outcomes like metastasis.
Main Methods:
- TP53 gene exons were sequenced in 765 osteosarcoma cases.
- Statistical analyses included chi-squared tests, logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazards models.
- Variants were classified as LFS-associated or rare exonic.
Main Results:
- A significant 9.5% of young osteosarcoma cases (<30 years) carried TP53 mutations (LFS-associated or rare exonic), compared to none in older patients (P < .001).
- The observed TP53 mutation prevalence in young cases (9.5%) was significantly higher than the previously reported 3% (P = .0024).
- A novel association was found between a TP53 rare variant (rs1800372) and increased risk of metastasis at diagnosis (OR = 4.27, P = .026).
Conclusions:
- Genetic susceptibility in young-onset osteosarcoma differs from adult-onset osteosarcoma.
- Germline TP53 variants are prevalent in young osteosarcoma patients, suggesting a distinct genetic basis.
- TP53 variants may serve as biomarkers for LFS and predict metastasis risk in osteosarcoma.
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