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Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Chikungunya virus pathogenesis and immunity.

Philippe Gasque1, Therese Couderc, Marc Lecuit

  • 11 University of La Reunion , GRI/IRG EA4517, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU North Felix-Guyon), Saint-Denis, La Reunion, France .

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes acute and chronic joint pain. This review details CHIKV disease manifestations and animal models, aiding in understanding infection and immunity for better treatments.

Keywords:
Adaptive immunityChikungunyaCytokines and chemokinesInflammationInnate immunityTarget cells

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus causing significant outbreaks of acute and chronic arthralgia.
  • Recent re-emergence in the Indian Ocean and ongoing outbreaks in the Caribbean and Americas highlight its global health impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical manifestations of Chikungunya virus infection in patients.
  • To review animal models used for studying CHIKV infection and pathology.
  • To enhance understanding of CHIKV immunopathogenesis for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical case descriptions of acute and chronic CHIKV manifestations.
  • Literature review of established and emerging animal models for CHIKV research.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying CHIKV infection and host immunity.

Main Results:

  • Detailed characterization of both acute and chronic clinical presentations of Chikungunya disease.
  • Overview of the utility and limitations of various animal models in mimicking human CHIKV infection.
  • Identification of key immunological pathways involved in CHIKV pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of CHIKV clinical features and immunopathogenesis is crucial.
  • Animal models are vital tools for dissecting CHIKV infection and immune responses.
  • Further research into CHIKV immunopathogenesis will facilitate the development of effective interventions against this arbovirosis.