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Conceptualization and validation of an open-source closed-loop deep brain stimulation system in rat
Hemmings Wu1, Hartwin Ghekiere2, Dorien Beeckmans1
1Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Scientific Reports
|April 22, 2015
Summary
This study presents an open-source closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) system. The novel system effectively suppresses locomotion using real-time feedback, offering a more efficient neuromodulation approach.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Open-Source Technology
Background:
- Conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS) uses constant electrical stimulation for neurological disorders.
- Closed-loop DBS with real-time feedback shows greater clinical effectiveness for symptom control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conceptualize and validate a closed-loop DBS system utilizing open-source hardware.
- To investigate the use of hippocampal theta oscillations as input and mesencephalic reticular formation (mRt) stimulation as output.
Main Methods:
- An Arduino microcontroller integrated hippocampal local field potentials (LFPs) to control mRt electrical stimulation.
- Hippocampal theta oscillations (related to locomotion) were used to steer mRt stimulation (inducing freezing).
Main Results:
- Closed-loop DBS significantly suppressed locomotion compared to no stimulation.
- The system achieved similar effects using 56% less stimulation than open-loop DBS on average.
Conclusions:
- Open-source hardware offers advantages like availability, customizability, and affordability for neuromodulation.
- The developed open-source closed-loop DBS system is effective and suitable for further research in closed-loop neuromodulation.
