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An opioid-like system regulating feeding behavior in C. elegans.

Mi Cheong Cheong1, Alexander B Artyukhin1, Young-Jai You2

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States.

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Researchers discovered that neuropeptides, specifically NLP-24, regulate feeding in C. elegans. This suggests a conserved invertebrate opioid system acting via NPR-17 and ASI neurons to control appetite.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Neuropeptides play a crucial role in regulating appetite.
  • Understanding feeding regulation mechanisms is vital for metabolic research.
  • The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans offers a tractable model for studying conserved biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of neuropeptides in regulating feeding behavior.
  • To identify specific neuropeptides involved in appetite control in C. elegans.
  • To explore the potential existence of an endogenous opioid system in invertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) screen of 115 neuropeptide genes.
  • Assessing feeding behavior in response to neuropeptides and opioid drugs.
  • Heterologous expression of NPR-17 and testing its activation by opioid agonists and NLP-24 peptides.
  • Utilizing mutant strains lacking specific neurons (ASI) or receptors (NPR-17).

Main Results:

  • The neuropeptide gene nlp-24 was identified as affecting growth and feeding.
  • NLP-24 peptides share conserved sequences with mammalian opioid neuropeptides.
  • Morphine and naloxone modulated feeding in wild-type worms but not in npr-17 mutants.
  • Opioid agonists and NLP-24 peptides activated heterologously expressed NPR-17.
  • ASI neuron ablation abolished naloxone's effect on feeding.

Conclusions:

  • Caenorhabditis elegans possesses an endogenous opioid system that regulates feeding.
  • This system involves the NPR-17 receptor and ASI neurons.
  • C. elegans serves as a genetically tractable invertebrate model for studying opioid signaling and appetite regulation.