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Evolution of systemic hypertension in Pakistani population

Kalim Uddin Aziz1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|April 23, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Essential hypertension is rising in Pakistan despite lower BMI. Factors include genetics, urbanization, and sedentary lifestyles, particularly affecting females and middle-aged individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Essential hypertension prevalence is increasing in Pakistan.
  • This trend persists despite generally lower Body Mass Index (BMI) and nutritional profiles in the population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify potential factors contributing to the rising prevalence of essential hypertension in Pakistan.
  • To review existing population studies conducted within Pakistan.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of population studies conducted in Pakistan.
  • Analysis of demographic and lifestyle factors associated with hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension prevalence is 3-4% in childhood, rising sharply by middle age.
  • Key contributing factors identified include genetic susceptibility, female gender, urbanization, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles.
  • Cultural practices promoting sedentary behavior in females are also implicated.

Conclusions:

  • The rising essential hypertension rates in Pakistan are multifactorial.
  • Genetic predisposition combined with environmental and lifestyle changes, particularly urbanization and sedentary habits, are significant drivers.
  • Targeted interventions addressing these specific factors are needed.

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