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Related Concept Videos

Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
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Redox-Responsive Fluorescent Probes with Different Design Strategies.

Zhangrong Lou, Peng Li, Keli Han

    Accounts of Chemical Research
    |April 23, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed new fluorescent probes to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in real-time. These advanced tools aid in understanding cellular redox balance and its role in health and disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Chemical Biology
    • Molecular Imaging

    Background:

    • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic byproducts with dual roles in physiology and pathology.
    • Maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis is crucial for cellular function.
    • Existing tools for studying redox chemistry in biological systems are limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the design and application of novel fluorescent probes for monitoring redox changes in biological systems.
    • To present research on fluorescent probes based on glutathione peroxidase, hydroquinone, and TEMPO.
    • To discuss the potential of these probes for real-time imaging of ROS and antioxidants.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and synthesis of redox-responsive fluorescent probes.

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  • Characterization of photophysical properties and fluorescence transduction mechanisms.
  • Application of probes in confocal fluorescence microscopy for dynamic imaging.

    • Main Results:

    • Developed highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probes with near-infrared absorption and rapid response times.
    • Demonstrated the utility of probes for visualizing biologically important ROS and antioxidants.
    • Identified organochalcogen-containing probes (selenium, tellurium) as promising for future development.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel fluorescent probes offer powerful tools for studying redox chemistry in living systems.
    • These probes facilitate real-time observation of ROS and antioxidant dynamics.
    • Future research should focus on enhancing probe properties and exploring selenium-based systems.