Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

3.0K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
3.0K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.7K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.7K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.8K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
4.8K
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

924
Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
924
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

3.9K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
3.9K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.8K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antioxidant potential and metabolic profiling of Viola odorata and the endophytic Rhizobium sp. BR7.

Biotechnology letters·2026
Same author

Molecular and energetic basis of histidine switch dynamics in respiratory complex I.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same author

L-type pyocins inhibit the BAM complex to kill without cell entry.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Spectrum of Hemoglobinopathies in Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia: A Cross-Sectional Study From Western India.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Diagnostic Utility of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Its Correlation With Hematological Indices in the Evaluation of Hemoglobinopathies.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Equity by Design: Redefining the Architecture of Dental Research in a Global Context.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs
10:06

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

7.5K

Domain expansion dynamics in stratifying foam films: experiments.

Yiran Zhang1, Vivek Sharma

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. viveks@uic.edu.

Soft Matter
|April 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Thin liquid film stratification dynamics were studied using Interferometry Digital Imaging Optical Microscopy (IDIOM). Domain expansion transitions from a diffusion-like regime to a constant velocity regime as films thin.

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications
08:38

Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications

Published on: January 16, 2018

11.4K
Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films
07:08

Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films

Published on: August 18, 2018

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs
10:06

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

7.5K
Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications
08:38

Microfluidic Devices for Characterizing Pore-scale Event Processes in Porous Media for Oil Recovery Applications

Published on: January 16, 2018

11.4K
Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films
07:08

Film Control to Study Contributions of Waves to Droplet Impact Dynamics on Thin Flowing Liquid Films

Published on: August 18, 2018

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Colloid and surface science
  • Soft matter physics
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Foams, emulsions, and colloidal sols rely on thin liquid films.
  • These films exhibit stratification due to supramolecular structures.
  • Understanding stratification dynamics is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the domain expansion dynamics during stratification in thin liquid films.
  • Characterize the transition in growth regimes.
  • Analyze the impact of topological instabilities and Plateau border interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Scheludko-type cell for foam film preparation.
  • Employed Interferometry Digital Imaging Optical Microscopy (IDIOM) for high-resolution imaging.
  • Analyzed reflected light intensity to determine film thickness variations.

Main Results:

  • Observed two distinct domain expansion regimes: square root time growth (diffusive) and constant velocity growth.
  • Demonstrated a transition from diffusive to constant velocity scaling.
  • Identified topological instability at the contact line as a factor influencing expansion kinetics.

Conclusions:

  • The expansion dynamics of stratified domains are complex and exhibit distinct regimes.
  • The transition to constant velocity growth is linked to interactions with the Plateau border or topological instabilities.
  • This study provides new insights into thin film thinning mechanisms.