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Testing the myth: tolerant dogs and aggressive wolves.

Friederike Range1, Caroline Ritter2, Zsófia Virányi3

  • 1Comparative Cognition, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria Wolf Science Centre, Dörfles 48, 2115 Ernstbrunn, Austria friederike.range@vetmeduni.ac.at.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wolf and dog cooperation may stem from wolves

Keywords:
aggressionagonistic behaviourdomesticationdominancetolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Ethology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Cooperation is often linked to tolerance, with the emotional reactivity hypothesis suggesting dogs' domestication involved selection for reduced aggression.
  • Previous dog-wolf comparisons on social interactions have yielded conflicting results regarding aggression and tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intraspecies aggression and tolerance between dogs and wolves under identical conditions.
  • To investigate agonistic behaviors and cofeeding during food competition tests to understand cooperation dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Pair-wise food competition tests were conducted on dogs and wolves raised and housed identically.
  • Agonistic behaviors and cofeeding patterns were observed and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • In wolves, both dominant and subordinate individuals exhibited similar levels of food monopolization and agonistic behaviors.
  • In dogs, these behaviors were primarily displayed by high-ranking individuals, indicating steeper dominance hierarchies.
  • Both wolves and dogs showed minimal aggression towards each other.

Conclusions:

  • Wolves exhibit sufficient tolerance for intraspecies cooperation, potentially forming the evolutionary basis for dog-human cooperation.
  • The findings challenge the emotional reactivity hypothesis by suggesting tolerance in wolves is adequate for cooperation.