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Total leisure noise exposure and its association with hearing loss among adolescents
Knut Dehnert1, Ulla Raab1,2, Carmelo Perez-Alvarez3
1a * Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine and Epidemiology , Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority , Munich , Germany.
Objective:
To investigate total leisure noise exposure among adolescents and to assess its association with hearing.
Design:
Based on self-reported time spent on 19 leisure activities and associated mean sound pressure levels reported in the literature, total leisure noise exposure was evaluated and compared to noise at work limits (> 85 dB(A) = hazardous) in a cross-sectional survey. Tympanometry and pure-tone audiometry was performed in sound isolated rooms.
Study Sample:
The study sample consists of 2143 pupils attending grade nine in any school in a German city 2009-2011 (mean age: 15.4 years; range: 13-19 years). Audiometric data were available for 1837 (85.8%) pupils (53.9% girls).
Results:
41.9% of the 2143 adolescents who had provided self-reported data on leisure activities associated with noise exposure were estimated to be hazardously exposed to leisure time noise. The interaction of gender with total leisure time noise exposure was not significant. No association between leisure time noise exposure and audiometric notches could be detected.
Conclusion:
While hearing loss seems seldom in this age group, a high proportion of adolescents aged 15-16 years are exposed to noise levels during leisure time bearing long-term risks of hearing loss.
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