Headache: muscle tension, trigger points and referred pain

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Headache Medicine
• Pathophysiology

Background:

• Tension-type headache (TTH) is the most prevalent headache disorder globally.
• TTH significantly impacts socioeconomic status due to its high prevalence.
• Despite its impact, TTH pathogenesis remains poorly understood compared to migraine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the disparity in research focus between TTH and migraine.
• To emphasize the need for increased scientific interest in TTH mechanisms.
• To underscore the socioeconomic importance of understanding TTH.

Main Methods:

• Literature review comparing research focus on TTH versus migraine.
• Analysis of socioeconomic impact data related to headache disorders.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on TTH pathophysiology.

Main Results:

• Scientific investigation into TTH pathogenesis has historically received less attention than migraine research.
• TTH represents a major public health concern due to its widespread occurrence and associated costs.
• Existing knowledge regarding the fundamental mechanisms driving TTH is limited.

Conclusions:

• There is a critical need to advance research into the pathogenesis of TTH.
• Addressing the knowledge gap in TTH mechanisms is essential for effective management and treatment.
• Increased focus on TTH is warranted given its substantial public health and economic burden.