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Observations on bovine pyelonephritis
The British Veterinary Journal
|November 1, 1989
Summary
Bovine pyelonephritis affects 1.6% of cows annually, with multiparous cows at higher risk. Elevated serum creatinine and urea levels indicate a poor prognosis, significantly increasing culling odds.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Animal Health
- Bovine Diseases
Background:
- Bovine pyelonephritis is a significant kidney infection in cattle.
- Understanding risk factors and prognostic indicators is crucial for herd management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of bovine pyelonephritis.
- To evaluate the prognostic value of clinical and laboratory parameters.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 51 bovine pyelonephritis cases.
- Calculation of annual prevalence, risk factors (multiparity, uterine disease), and outcomes (loss, relapse).
- Assessment of serum creatinine, urea, and hematological parameters for prognostic value.
Main Results:
- Annual prevalence was 1.6% (1987), with a mean 82.9 days from calving to onset.
- Multiparous cows and those without post-parturient uterine diseases had higher pyelonephritis risk (OR 8.9).
- Loss rate was 33.3%, relapse rate 9.4%. High creatinine (>1.5 mg/dl) and urea (>100 mg/dl) significantly increased culling odds (OR 104.0 and 60.0, respectively). Hematology was not diagnostic.
Conclusions:
- Bovine pyelonephritis poses a substantial risk to cattle health and productivity.
- Serum creatinine and urea are strong prognostic indicators for culling decisions.
- Preventive measures targeting uterine health and early detection are recommended.