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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Cell Migration01:09

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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

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Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Characterizing Cell Migration Within Three-dimensional In Vitro Wound Environments
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Sphingolipids inhibit vimentin-dependent cell migration.

Claire L Hyder1, Kati Kemppainen2, Kimmo O Isoniemi1

  • 1Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, POB 123, FIN-20521, Turku, Finland Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.

Journal of Cell Science
|April 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sphingolipids regulate cell migration by affecting vimentin. This study reveals a new sphingolipid-vimentin pathway controlling cell movement, impacting cancer progression.

Keywords:
Intermediate filamentPhosphorylationROCKS1PS1P2S1PR2SPCSphingosine 1-phosphateSphingosylphosphorylcholineVimentinmigration

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Sphingolipids like S1P and SPC influence cellular migration.
  • Vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, promotes migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if sphingolipid signaling regulates vimentin.
  • To determine vimentin's role in sphingolipid-mediated cellular functions.

Main Methods:

  • Studied vimentin phosphorylation at S71 in cancer cells treated with S1P and SPC.
  • Utilized S1P2 receptor (S1PR2) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitors.
  • Employed S71-phosphorylation-deficient vimentin mutants and vimentin-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts.

Main Results:

  • S1P and SPC induced vimentin phosphorylation at S71 and filament reorganization, inhibiting migration.
  • These effects were dependent on S1PR2 and ROCK signaling.
  • Vimentin phosphorylation deficiency or absence abrogated the anti-migratory effects of S1P and SPC.

Conclusions:

  • A novel sphingolipid-vimentin signaling axis regulates cell migration.
  • This pathway acts as both an accelerator and brake, controlling cell motility.
  • Vimentin is a key mediator of sphingolipid-induced anti-migratory functions.