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Published on: August 13, 2019
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Tissue engineering for lateral ridge augmentation with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 combination
Summary
This study showcases tissue engineering for maxillary and mandibular ridge augmentation, achieving successful dental implant placement. The approach utilized recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and allograft, offering a promising alternative to traditional bone grafting methods.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Advanced lateral ridge deficiencies in the maxilla and mandible often require bone augmentation for dental implant placement.
- Previous attempts at corticocancellous bone grafting in this patient were unsuccessful.
- Autogenous bone harvesting presents limitations, necessitating alternative reconstructive strategies.
Observation:
- A tissue-engineered reconstruction was performed using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/acellular collagen sponge (rhBMP-2/ACS) combined with cancellous allograft.
- Medpor Contain mesh was employed for space maintenance during the augmentation procedure.
- The patient had multiple contiguous sites with severe lateral ridge deficiencies in both the maxilla and mandibular anterior regions.
Findings:
- Successful placement of four maxillary and three mandibular implants 9 and 10 months post-reconstruction, respectively.
- All implants demonstrated successful function after a 24-month follow-up period.
- Histomorphometric analysis of a maxillary bone core revealed 76.1% new vital bone formation, 22.2% marrow/cells, and 1.7% residual graft tissue.
Implications:
- Tissue engineering with rhBMP-2/ACS and allograft, combined with space maintenance, presents a viable alternative to autogenous bone for lateral ridge augmentation.
- This combination therapy shows potential for enabling dental implant placement in severely deficient alveolar ridges.
- Further research is warranted to establish the predictability and limitations of this tissue engineering approach for widespread clinical application.
