Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

40.0K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
40.0K
Scale-Up Processes01:14

Scale-Up Processes

89
The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
89
Sample Size Calculation01:19

Sample Size Calculation

7.0K
Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, observations, or groups (in some cases) used to get the data to estimate a population parameter. As the name suggests, the sample size is that of the sample drawn from the population and differs from the population size.
The sample size for the given experiment or sampling effort is fundamental to any study design. Sample size decides the number of...
7.0K
Impact of Groups on Groups01:19

Impact of Groups on Groups

327
Social psychologists analyze how groups influence one another, shaping social structures and interactions through both cooperation and competition. These dynamics manifest in various ways, ranging from economic partnerships to intergroup conflicts that shape societal structures and perceptions.Cooperation and Competition in Intergroup RelationsIntergroup relationships vary across contexts, sometimes fostering cooperation and mutual benefit while at other times leading to conflict and...
327
Maximum Size of Aggregate01:12

Maximum Size of Aggregate

1.1K
The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
1.1K
Group Design02:01

Group Design

11.1K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
11.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fusion of Visible and Infrared Aerial Images from Uncalibrated Sensors Using Wavelet Decomposition and Deep Learning.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Complementarity in Requirements Tracing.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2019
Same author

A Clustering-Based Approach to Enriching Code Foraging Environment.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2015
Same author

Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by guggulsterone in doxorubicin-resistant human myelogenous leukemia (K562/DOX) cells.

Die Pharmazie·2009
Same author

Structures of discoidal high density lipoproteins: a combined computational-experimental approach.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2009
Same author

Dynamic regulation of GSH synthesis and uptake pathways in the rat lens epithelium.

Experimental eye research·2009
Same journal

Robust Semiglobal and Global Stabilization for Nonlinear Normal Form Systems by Time-Varying Feedback.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
Same journal

Adaptive Global Asymptotic Output Stabilization of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems Under Dynamic State/Input Quantization.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
Same journal

Accelerated Distributed Gradient Tracking for Constrained Aggregative Optimization Over Time-Varying Digraphs.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
Same journal

Small-Gain-Based Plug-and-Play Distributed Control Framework for DC Microgrids With Decentralized Reconfiguration.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
Same journal

Prescribed-Time Impulsive Control of High-Order Integrator Systems.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
Same journal

Relaxed Stability Conditions for Model Predictive Control of Hybrid Dynamical Systems Using Hybrid Recurrent Neural Networks.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.5K

Optimal Group Size for Software Change Tasks: A Social Information Foraging Perspective.

Tanmay Bhowmik, Nan Niu, Wentao Wang

    IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
    |April 25, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Estimating optimal group size in open source software (OSS) development is crucial. This study frames OSS task resolution as social information foraging, revealing mismatches between optimal and actual group sizes and their impact on productivity.

    More Related Videos

    The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
    14:14

    The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

    Published on: May 13, 2022

    6.5K
    Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control
    05:47

    Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control

    Published on: August 29, 2025

    645

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 14, 2026

    Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
    10:26

    Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

    Published on: September 11, 2021

    4.5K
    The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
    14:14

    The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

    Published on: May 13, 2022

    6.5K
    Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control
    05:47

    Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control

    Published on: August 29, 2025

    645

    Area of Science:

    • Cybernetics
    • Software Engineering
    • Social Computing

    Background:

    • Group size significantly impacts collaborative software development and cybernetic systems.
    • Limited understanding exists regarding group size effects in open source software (OSS) development.
    • Existing methods for estimating group size are primarily for proprietary projects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel approach for analyzing group size in OSS development.
    • To frame developers' collective resolution of OSS change tasks as a social information foraging problem.
    • To predict optimal group size and quantify its effect on individual and social performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a social information foraging model for OSS development.
    • Analyzed data from two major open source projects: Firefox and Mylyn.
    • Quantified the relationship between group size, task resolution, and developer productivity.

    Main Results:

    • Identified a mismatch between optimal and actual group sizes in the studied OSS projects.
    • Demonstrated a positive association between optimal group size and improved developer productivity.
    • Observed a social-level productivity gain as projects evolve over time.

    Conclusions:

    • The social information foraging perspective offers valuable insights into OSS development dynamics.
    • Optimizing group size is critical for enhancing productivity in decentralized software development.
    • Findings contribute to advancements in social coding and recommendation systems for collaborative environments.