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Early intestinal growth and development in poultry.
1Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691 lilburn.1@osu.edu.
Poultry Science
|April 26, 2015
Summary
Genetic advancements in poultry have improved growth but may cause health issues. This study explores intestinal physiology, microbial interactions, and immune function in commercial poultry to understand these complex relationships.
Area of Science:
- Poultry Science
- Animal Physiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Commercial broiler and turkey strains have undergone significant genetic progress, impacting carcass development.
- Genetic improvements have not always correlated with other physiological systems, leading to developmental anomalies like ascites.
- Recent shifts in poultry nutrition are driven by environmental policies, antibiotic restrictions, and biofuel production impacting feed ingredients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and integrate research on intestinal growth and development in commercial poultry.
- To examine the intestinal microbial interface and its role in poultry health.
- To understand the intestine's function as an immune tissue within the broader context of intestinal physiology.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on poultry intestinal growth and development.
- Analysis of research integrating intestinal morphology, microbial ecology, and immunology.
- Synthesis of findings to provide a holistic view of intestinal physiology in commercial poultry.
Main Results:
- Intestinal morphology is a key, but not sole, metric for assessing nutritional impacts.
- Histological interpretations of intestinal health can be varied.
- The interplay between genetics, nutrition, environment, and intestinal health is complex.
Conclusions:
- Understanding intestinal physiology, including the microbial interface and immune functions, is crucial for addressing challenges in modern poultry production.
- Further research is needed to integrate these aspects for improved poultry health and welfare.
- This review provides a framework for future investigations into poultry intestinal health.
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