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Clarifying the functional process represented by P50 suppression.

Anna Dalecki1, Stuart J Johnstone2, Rodney J Croft1

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.

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|April 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating P50 suppression, this study found that inhibitory inputs, not refractory periods, explain the amplitude reduction of auditory event-related potentials. Attention and stimulus interval influence this suppression mechanism.

Keywords:
AttentionInhibitionP50 gatingP50 suppressionRefractory period

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • P50 suppression is the reduced amplitude of the P50 event-related potential to a second auditory stimulus (S2) compared to the first (S1).
  • Two main theories propose refractory periods (RPs) or inhibitory inputs (II) as the underlying mechanisms for P50 suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between the refractory period and inhibitory input hypotheses of P50 suppression.
  • To investigate the effects of inter-stimulus interval (ISI) and attentional direction on P50 suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulated the interval between stimulus pairs (ISI: 2s vs. 8s) and the direction of participant attention (attentive vs. non-attentive).
  • Measured the P50 event-related potential amplitude in response to paired auditory stimuli.

Main Results:

  • In non-attentive conditions, a shorter ISI (2s) increased S2 P50 amplitude, impairing suppression.
  • In the 2s ISI condition, attention reduced S2 P50 amplitude, enhancing suppression.
  • Both findings support the inhibitory input hypothesis over the refractory period hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibitory inputs, rather than refractory periods, are the primary mechanism underlying P50 suppression.
  • Inter-stimulus interval and attention modulate the effectiveness of inhibitory inputs in P50 suppression.