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Low birth weight in Kansas.

V James Guillory, Sue Min Lai, R Suminski

    Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved
    |April 28, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Lack of private insurance and inadequate prenatal care increase the risk of low birth weight (LBW) infants. Maternal health and insurance status are key factors influencing infant outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Maternal and Child Health
    • Health Services Research

    Background:

    • Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant contributor to infant morbidity and mortality.
    • This study is the first to examine LBW in Kansas using vital statistics.
    • Investigated maternal and healthcare system factors linked to LBW.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine associations between LBW and prenatal care.
    • To identify links between LBW and maternal socio-demographic factors.
    • To explore the relationship between LBW and maternal medical factors or insurance status.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized birth certificate data merged with Medicaid eligibility information.
    • Employed logistic regression analysis to examine factors associated with LBW.

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  • Analyzed data from 37,081 single vaginal births in Kansas.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall LBW rate was 5.5%, with higher rates among African Americans (10.8%) compared to White Americans (5%).
    • Lacking private insurance was associated with a 34% increase in LBW infants, reduced prenatal care, and increased comorbidity.
    • Maternal medical comorbidity and prior adverse birth outcomes were also linked to LBW.

    Conclusions:

    • Insurance status, quality of prenatal care, and maternal health during pregnancy are significantly associated with LBW.
    • Private insurance correlated with better access to prenatal care and improved infant outcomes.
    • Findings have critical implications for healthcare reform and policy interventions aimed at reducing LBW.