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Apelin and energy metabolism.
Chantal Bertrand1, Philippe Valet1, Isabelle Castan-Laurell1
1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1048 Toulouse, France ; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier Toulouse, France.
Frontiers in Physiology
|April 28, 2015
Summary
Apelin, a newly recognized adipokine, plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism, impacting glucose and lipid levels. Its elevated levels in obesity and type 2 diabetes highlight its significance in metabolic health.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
Background:
- White adipose tissue functions as a secretory organ influencing physiological control.
- Apelin, initially known for cardiovascular and fluid homeostasis effects, is now recognized as a key adipokine.
- Apelin joins leptin and adiponectin as a significant player in energy metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the systemic effects of apelin on energy metabolism.
- To explore the mechanisms of action of apelin in metabolic regulation.
- To discuss the role of apelin in metabolic diseases, particularly obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on apelin's physiological effects.
- Analysis of research on apelin's impact on glucose and lipid metabolism.
- Examination of studies reporting apelin concentrations in obese and diabetic individuals.
Main Results:
- Apelin influences glucose and lipid metabolism and modulates insulin secretion.
- Plasma apelin concentrations are elevated in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Apelin is implicated as a new factor in energy homeostasis.
Conclusions:
- Apelin is a critical adipokine with broad systemic effects on energy metabolism.
- Altered apelin levels are associated with metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Further research into apelin's mechanisms is warranted for understanding and treating metabolic disorders.
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