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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Human Genetics01:28

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Models to explore genetics of human aging.

David Karasik1, Anne Newman

  • 1Hebrew Senior Life Institute for Aging Research, 1200 Centre Street, 02131, Boston, MA, USA, karasik@hsl.harvard.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Understanding human aging genetics requires new phenotypes. Integrated aging phenotypes, combining multiple traits, can reveal genetic pathways influencing longevity and healthy aging.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Genetic studies offer insights into aging variability.
  • Current human aging research often relies on mortality or exceptional longevity.
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are valuable for identifying disease genes and aging-related traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore genetic sources of human biological aging variability.
  • To define new, heritable, and validated phenotypes for aging research.
  • To develop an integrated phenotype of aging by combining multiple traits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and sequencing.
  • Investigating phenotypes beyond mortality, such as telomere length and lens transparency.

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Related Experiment Videos

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  • Developing composite aging phenotypes from multiple, weakly correlated traits.

    • Main Results:

    • GWAS for longevity have yielded disappointing results, possibly due to sample size limitations.
    • New phenotypes are needed that predict longevity and can be assessed before death.
    • An integrated aging phenotype may reveal pleiotropic genetic signals common to aging processes.

    Conclusions:

    • Composite aging phenotypes, integrating multiple traits, are proposed as a powerful approach.
    • These phenotypes require validation through prediction of mortality, chronic disease, and disability.
    • This approach aims to identify common biological pathways governing human aging.