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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Pitfalls in diagnosis: skeletal holes, clefts, and notches
1Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 West 12th Avenue, Suite 481, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Abstract:
Radiographs often depict unusually appearing variations in the skeleton that have the appearance of holes, clefts, and prominent notches. Although certain variants are recognizable, others may not be as familiar. Knowledge of characteristic locations of nutrient foramina is also important. The aim of this pictorial essay are to review the anatomic variants in the trunk of the skeleton that manifest as holes, cleft, or notches in the bone and to specify the differentiating features of these variants from those that constitute true pathologic conditions.
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