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Peripheral Innervation in Children With Global Developmental Delay: Biomarker for Risk for Self-Injurious Behavior?

Frank J Symons1, Raymond C Tervo2, Chantel C Barney3

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA symon007@umn.edu.

Journal of Child Neurology
|April 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with developmental delays and self-injury show higher epidermal nerve fiber density. This suggests peripheral nerve differences may be a sensory risk factor for self-injury in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Keywords:
developmental delayperipheral innervationriskself-injurysensory

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • The link between somatosensory processing and self-injury in children with neurodevelopmental impairments is poorly understood.
  • Investigating peripheral sensory mechanisms may offer insights into self-injurious behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of using skin biopsies to examine epidermal nerve fiber density.
  • To explore the relationship between epidermal nerve fiber density and self-injury in young children with global developmental delay.

Main Methods:

  • Skin biopsies were obtained from 11 children (17-63 months) with global developmental delay.
  • Epidermal nerve fiber density was quantified using immunohistologic analysis.
  • Children's self-injurious behaviors were documented.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative analysis revealed significantly higher epidermal nerve fiber density in children with reported self-injury (138.8 ± 45.5) compared to those without (80.5 ± 17.5).
  • Extremely high nerve fiber density values were observed in some participants.
  • The study demonstrated the feasibility of skin biopsy analysis in this population.

Conclusions:

  • Epidermal nerve fiber density may serve as a potential biomarker for sensory processing differences.
  • Peripheral innervation could be a contributing sensory risk factor for self-injury in children with neurodevelopmental delays.
  • Immunohistologic skin analysis is a viable method for studying sensory neuropathy in young children.