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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview01:15

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview

4.1K
The position of the absorption signal of a sample is reported relative to the position of the signal of tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is added as an internal reference while recording spectra. The difference between the absorption frequencies of the sample and TMS (in Hz) is divided by the spectrometer operating frequency (in MHz) to obtain a dimensionless quantity called the chemical shift. It is reported on the δ (delta) scale and expressed in parts per million.
For instance, the proton...
4.1K
Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift01:07

Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift

4.3K
Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
Absorption signals of all the protium nuclei...
4.3K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.8K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.8K
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

1.9K
When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
1.9K
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

2.5K
NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
2.5K
Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview01:10

Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview

9.4K
Carbon-13 is a naturally occurring NMR-active isotope of carbon with a low natural abundance of 1.1%. In contrast, carbon-12 is the most abundant isotope of carbon with zero nuclear spin. Therefore, it is NMR inactive. The gyromagnetic ratio of carbon-13 is smaller than that of protons. As a result, carbon-13 resonance is about 6000 times weaker than proton resonance. For a given magnetic field strength, the resonance frequency of carbon-13 is about one-fourth of the resonance frequency for...
9.4K

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Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics
13:16

Pure Shift Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: a New Tool for Plant Metabolomics

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Pure shift NMR.

Klaus Zangger1

  • 1Institute of Chemistry/Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria.

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
|April 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pure shift NMR spectroscopy simplifies proton NMR spectra by removing signal splitting caused by scalar coupling. This technique enhances spectral resolution, making it ideal for analyzing complex mixtures and large molecules.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Background:

  • Scalar coupling in NMR spectra causes signal splitting, reducing spectral resolution.
  • Proton NMR (¹H NMR) is particularly affected due to limited chemical shift range and proton-proton couplings.
  • Overlapped spectra hinder the analysis of complex samples like reaction mixtures and biomacromolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review different approaches for obtaining "pure shift" NMR spectra.
  • To present applications of pure shift NMR spectroscopy.
  • To highlight the benefits of pure shift NMR for resolving overlapped spectra.

Main Methods:

  • "Pure shift" NMR spectroscopy, also known as broadband homonuclear decoupling, is employed.
  • Various techniques for acquiring pure shift spectra are discussed.
Keywords:
Homonuclear broadband decouplingNMR spectroscopyPure shift NMRScalar couplingStructure analysis

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  • The method effectively removes scalar coupling artifacts.

    • Main Results:

    • Pure shift NMR spectra consist of single lines, free from multiplet structures.
    • Spectra are significantly simplified, resembling proton-decoupled ¹³C NMR spectra.
    • Resolution is considerably improved, aiding spectral interpretation.

    Conclusions:

    • Pure shift NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for disentangling overlapped ¹H NMR spectra.
    • The technique offers substantial improvements in spectral resolution and simplicity.
    • It is particularly valuable for analyzing complex samples in various fields, including natural products and biomacromolecular research.