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Phenotypic changes contributing to Enterobacter gergoviae biocide resistance.

M Périamé1, N Philippe1,2, O Condell3

  • 1UMR-MD1, Aix-Marseille Université, IRBA, Transporteurs Membranaires, Chimiorésistance et Drug Design, Marseille, France.

Letters in Applied Microbiology
|April 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Enterobacter gergoviae adapts to cosmetic biocides like triclosan and MIT-CMIT by altering its structure, enhancing motility and biofilm formation. This adaptation helps it survive in products and may confer cross-resistance to other preservatives.

Keywords:
Enterobacter gergoviaebiofilmcosmeticsfimbriaeflagellumpreservativestriclosan

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cosmetic Science
  • Bacterial Adaptation

Background:

  • Enterobacter gergoviae frequently contaminates cosmetic and hygiene products.
  • Understanding bacterial adaptation to biocides is crucial for product preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adaptation mechanisms of Enterobacter gergoviae to triclosan and MIT-CMIT biocides.
  • To compare wild-type strains with biocide-tolerant mutants and isolates from contaminated cosmetics.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of Enterobacter gergoviae strains and mutants.
  • Evaluation of motility, biofilm formation, and response to varying biocide concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Biocide-tolerant Enterobacter gergoviae strains showed altered bacterial envelopes and flagella.
  • Increased motility and biofilm formation were observed in response to triclosan and MIT-CMIT.
  • High tolerance to MIT-CMIT correlated with strong biofilm production.

Conclusions:

  • Enterobacter gergoviae employs adaptable mechanisms, including external appendages, to enhance motility and biofilm formation against biocides.
  • These adaptations are not chemical-specific and can lead to cross-resistance.
  • Characterizing these adaptations aids the cosmetic industry in optimizing preservative concentrations and formulations.