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Core-shell-like Au sub-nanometer clusters in Er-implanted silica.

Chiara Maurizio1, Tiziana Cesca, Giovanni Perotto

  • 1Physics and Astronomy Department and CNISM, University of Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy. chiara.maurizio@unipd.it.

Nanoscale
|April 30, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gold cluster formation in Er-doped silica begins with interconnected gold and oxygen atoms. Annealing at 400°C forms subnanometer gold clusters, useful for core-shell applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding metal cluster formation in doped silica is crucial for developing novel nanomaterials.
  • Erbium-doped silica is a promising host matrix for metal nanoparticles with unique optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the initial stages of gold (Au) metal cluster nucleation and growth in erbium (Er)-doped silica.
  • To elucidate the role of matrix defects and annealing conditions in gold cluster formation.
  • To characterize the structure and bonding of nascent gold clusters.

Main Methods:

  • High-energy resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy (HERFD-XAS) was employed to analyze gold speciation and local structure.
  • Combined analysis of near-edge and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra provided detailed structural information.
  • Inert annealing at various temperatures (e.g., 400°C, 600°C) was used to control cluster formation.

Main Results:

  • Gold cluster nucleation initiates with a few gold and oxygen atoms, featuring initial Au-Au correlations.
  • Subnanometer gold clusters with defined Au-Au coordination form at 400°C, with nucleation energy assisted by matrix defects (non-bridging oxygen atoms).
  • Formed subnanometer gold clusters exhibit a core-shell structure: metallic core and a shell with partial covalent bonding to silica's oxygen atoms.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a defect-assisted heterogeneous nucleation mechanism for gold clusters in Er-doped silica.
  • Tailoring gold concentration and annealing temperature allows control over subnanometer cluster size.
  • The interaction between gold clusters and the silica matrix is linked to observed infrared luminescence.