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Decrease of acid phosphatase activity in murine peritoneal macrophages infected with Leishmania donovani.

G Theodoropoulos, J H Theis

    International Journal for Parasitology
    |November 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    Leishmania donovani infection significantly reduces acid phosphatase activity in murine macrophages. This parasitic infection inversely correlates with enzyme levels, impacting macrophage function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Parasitology

    Background:

    • Macrophages are crucial immune cells involved in host defense against pathogens.
    • Leishmania donovani is an intracellular parasite that infects macrophages, causing visceral leishmaniasis.
    • Acid phosphatase is an enzyme found in lysosomes, playing a role in cellular degradation and immune responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of Leishmania donovani infection on acid phosphatase activity and isoenzyme composition in murine peritoneal macrophages.
    • To determine the relationship between parasite load and acid phosphatase levels within infected macrophages.

    Main Methods:

    • Murine peritoneal macrophages were infected with Leishmania donovani in vitro.
    • Computer-assisted cytospectrophotometry was used to quantify acid phosphatase activity and intracellular parasite numbers.

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  • Enzyme inhibitor assays were employed to analyze changes in acid phosphatase isoenzyme composition.

    • Main Results:

    • Leishmania donovani infection significantly decreased acid phosphatase activity in macrophages.
    • A clear inverse correlation was observed between acid phosphatase activity levels and the number of intracellular parasites.
    • Macrophages exposed to, but not infected with, Leishmania donovani also showed reduced acid phosphatase activity.
    • No significant changes in the isoenzyme composition of acid phosphatase were detected during infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Leishmania donovani infection impairs macrophage function by reducing acid phosphatase activity.
    • The observed decrease in acid phosphatase activity may be a mechanism employed by the parasite to evade host immune responses.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms behind this enzyme activity reduction and its implications for leishmaniasis pathogenesis.